Amaphutha avamileko neendlela zokuvikela zamavalvu we-butterfly kanye namavalvu wesango

Ivalvu iragela phambili nokugcina begodu iqeda iimfuneko zokusebenza ezinikelweko ngesikhathi esithileko sokusebenza, begodu ukusebenza kokugcina inani lepharamitha elinikelweko ngaphakathi kwebanga elibekiweko kubizwa ngokuthi akukho ukuhluleka. Lokha ukusebenza kwevalvu nakulimeleko, kuzokwenzeka ukungasebenzi kuhle.

1. Ukuvuza kwebhokisi lokugcwalisa

Lokhu kuyinto eqakathekileko yokugijima, ukugijima, ukuthosa, nokuvuza, begodu kuvame ukubonwa emafemini.

Iinzathu zokuvuza kwebhokisi lokugcwalisa zilandelako:

Iinsetjenziswa azihambisani nokugqwala, izinga lokutjhisa kanye nokugandeleleka kwendawo yokusebenza;

②Indlela yokuzalisa ayikalungi, khulukhulu lokha ukupakisha koke kufakwe ngendlela ejikelezako, kungenzeka bona kubangele ukuvuza;

③Ukunemba kokukhiqiza namkha ukuqedwa kwendawo yesiqu sevalvu akwanele, namkha kune-ovality, namkha kunemigodi;

④Isiqu sevalvu sinemigodi, nofana sirusiwe ngebanga lokutlhogeka kokuvikeleka emoyeni ovulekileko;

Isiqu sevalvu sigobekile;

⑥Ipaki sele isetjenziswe isikhathi eside begodu sele indala;

⑦Umsebenzi unobudlova khulu.

Indlela yokuqeda ukuvuza kokupakisha yile:

Ukukhetha okufaneleko kwama-fillers;

Zalisa ngendlela efaneleko;

Nangabe isiqu sevalvu asifaneleki, kufanele silungiswe nofana sifakwe esikhundleni saso, begodu ukuqedwa kwendawo kufanele kube okungenani ▽5, begodu okuqakatheke khulu, kufanele kufike ku-▽8 nofana ngaphezulu, begodu kungabi namanye amaphutha;

Thatha amagadango wokuzivikela ukukhandela ukugqwala, begodu lezo ebezirhwele kufanele zifakwe esikhundleni sazo;

Ukugoba kwesiqu sevalvu kufanele kulungiswe nofana kuvuselelwe;

⑥Ngemva kobana ukupakisha kusetjenziswe isikhathi esithileko, kufanele kuthathelwe indawo;

7Umsebenzi kufanele uzinze, uvuleke kabuthaka begodu uvale kabuthaka ukukhandela ukutjhuguluka kwezinga lokutjhisa okuzumako nofana umthelela ophakathi.

2. Ukuvuza kweengcenye zokuvala

Ngokuvamileko, ukuvuza kwebhokisi lokugcwalisa kubizwa ngokuthi kuvuza kwangaphandle, begodu ingcenye yokuvala ibizwa ngokuthi kuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ukuvuza kweengcenye zokuvala, ngaphakathi kwevalvu, akulula ukukuthola.

Ukuvuza kweengcenye zokuvala kungahlukaniswa ngeenkoro ezimbili: enye kukuvuza kwendawo yokuvala, kuthi enye kukuvuza kwempande yendandatho yokuvala.

Iimbangela zokuvuza:

①Indawo yokuvala ayigadangiswa kuhle;

Indandatho yokuvala ayihambisani kuhle nesihlalo sevalvu nediski yevalvu;

3Ukuthintana hlangana kwediski yevalvu nesiqu sevalvu akukaqini;

④Isiqu sevalvu sigobekile begodu sisonteke, ukwenzela bona iingcenye eziphezulu nezingaphasi zokuvala zingabi phakathi;

⑤Vala msinya khulu, indawo yokuvala ayithintani kuhle nofana sele ilimele isikhathi eside;

ukukhetha okungakalungi kwezinto, angeze kwajamelana nokugqwala kwendawo;

Sebenzisa ivalvu ye-globe nevalvu yesango njengevalvu yokulawula. Indawo yokuvala angeze yajamelana nokuguguleka kwendawo egeleza ngebelo elikhulu;

8Eminye imidiya izokuphola kancanikancani ngemva kokuthi ivalvu ivalwe, ukwenzela bona indawo yokuvala ibe nemifantu, begodu ukuguguleka nakho kuzokwenzeka;

Ukuxhumana okunemicu kusetjenziswa hlangana nezinye iindawo zokuvala kanye nesihlalo sevalvu kanye nediski yevalvu, okulula ukukhiqiza umehluko wokugxila kwe-oksijini ibhetri begodu ukugqwala;

⑩Ivalvu angeze yavalwa ngokuqinileko ngebanga lokufakwa kwezinto ezingcolileko ezifana ne-welding slag, ukugqwala, ithuli, nofana iingcenye zemitjhini erherhweni lokukhiqiza eziwela phasi begodu zivimbe umgogodla wevalvu.

Iindlela zokuvikela:

①Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, kufanele uhlole ngokutjheja ukugandeleleka nokuvuza, begodu ufumane ukuvuza kwendawo yokuvala nofana umrabhu wendandatho yokuvala, bese uyayisebenzisa ngemva kokwelatjhwa;

②Kuyatlhogeka ukuhlola kusengaphambili bona iingcenye ezihlukahlukeneko zevalvu zisebujameni obuhle na. Ungasebenzisi ivalvu lapho isiqu sevalvu sigobekile namkha sisonteke namkha idiski yevalvu nesiqu sevalvu singahlanganiswa kuhle;

③Ivalvu kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinileko, ingasi ngamandla. Nawufumana bona ukuthintana hlangana kweendawo zokuvala akukalungi nofana kunesithiyo, kufanele uyivule khonokho isikhatjhana ukuvumela iimvuthuluka ziphume, bese uzivala ngokutjheja;

Lokha nawukhetha ivalvu, ingasi ukujamelana nokugqwala komzimba wevalvu kwaphela, kodwana nokujamelana nokugqwala kweengcenye zokuvala kufanele kucatshangelwe;

Ngokuya ngobujamo be-valve nokusetjenziswa okufaneleko, iingcenye ezitlhoga ukulungisa ukugeleza kufanele zisebenzise i-valve yokulawula;

⑥Ebujamweni lapho umkhathi upholiswa khona begodu umehluko wezinga lokutjhisa mkhulu ngemva kokuvala ivalvu, ivalvu kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinileko ngemva kokupholisa;

Lokha isihlalo sevalvu, idiski yevalvu nendandatho yokuvala zihlanganiswe ngentambo, itheyiphu ye-PTFE ingasetjenziswa njengepaki hlangana neentambo, ukwenzela bona kungabi nesikhala;

8Kufanele kufakwe isefo phambi kwevalvu malungana nevalvu engawela eendaweni ezingcolileko.

3. Ukwehluleka kokuphakamisa isiqu sevalvu

Iinzathu zokwehluleka kokuphakamisa isiqu sevalvu ngilezi:

①Intambo ilimele ngebanga lokusebenza ngokweqileko;

ukutlhogeka kokuthambisa nofana ukubhalelwa kokuthambisa;

③Isiqu sevalvu sigobekile begodu sisonteke;

④Ukuqedwa kwephasi akwanele;

Ukubekezelela ukufaneleka akukalungi, begodu ukuluma kuqinile khulu;

⑥I-valve stem nut itjhinga;

Ukukhetha izinto ezingakalungi, isibonelo, isiqu sevalvu kanye nenathi yesiqu sevalvu zenziwe ngezinto ezifanako, okulula ukuziluma;

8Intambo igugile nge-medium (okutjho ivalvu ene-valve yesiqu esimnyama nofana i-valve ene-stem nut ezansi);

⑨Ivalvu evulekileko ayivikelekile, begodu intambo yesiqu sevalvu imbozwe lithuli nesihlabathi, nofana irusiwe lizulu, amazolo, iqhwa neqhwa.

Iindlela zokukhandela:

Ukusebenza ngokutjheja, ungagandeli lokha nawuvalako, ungafinyeleli esikhungweni esiphezulu esifileko lokha nawuvulako, jika isondo lesandla kabili ngemva kokuvula ngokwaneleko ukwenza ihlangothi elingaphezulu lentambo livale, ukwenzela bona uvimbele umphakathi bona ungasunduzeli isiqu sevalvu phezulu ukushaya;

Hlola ubujamo bokuthambisa kanengi begodu ugcine ubujamo bokuthambisa obujayelekileko;

③Ungavuli begodu uvale ivalvu nge-lever ede. Abasebenzi abajwayele ukusebenzisa i-lever emfitjhani kufanele balawule ngokuqinileko inani lamandla ukukhandela ukusonta isiqu sevalvu (okutjho ivalvu exhunywe ngqo nesondo lesandla nesiqu sevalvu);

Yenza ngcono ikhwalithi yokucubungula nofana ukulungisa ukuhlangabezana neemfuneko zokucaciswa;

Iinsetjenziswa kufanele zijamelane nokugqwala begodu zitjhugulukele emazingeni womtjhiso wokusebenza nezinye iimeko zokusebenza;

⑥I-valve stem nut akukafaneli yenziwe ngezinto ezifanako ne-valve stem;

Lokha nawusebenzisa iplastiki njenge-valve stem nut, amandla kufanele ahlolwe, ingasi kwaphela ukujamelana nokugqwala okuhle kanye ne-friction coefficient encani, kodwana nomraro wamandla, nangabe amandla angakaneli, ungasebenzisi;

Isivalo sokuvikela isiqu sevalvu kufanele sifakwe kuvalvu yomoya ovulekileko;

⑨Nge-valve evulekileko, jika isondo lesandla qobe ukukhandela bona isiqu se-valve singarusi.

4. Ezinye

Ukuvuza kwe-gasket:

Isizathu esikhulu kukuthi ayijamelani nokugqwala begodu ayitjhuguluki emazingeni womtjhiso nokugandeleleka kokusebenza; kanye nokutjhuguluka kwamazinga womtjhiso wevalvu yamazinga womtjhiso aphezulu.

Sebenzisa ama-gasket alungele ubujamo bokusebenza. Hlola bona ingabe into ye-gasket ilungele amavalvu amatjha. Nayikuthi ayikafaneli, kufanele ithathelwe indawo. Emavalvu wezinga lokutjhisa eliphezulu, qinisa amabhawudo godu ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa.

Umzimba wevalvu ophukileko:

Ngokuvamileko kubangelwa kuqanda. Lokha ubujamo bezulu bubandako, ivalvu kufanele ibe nendlela yokuvikela ukutjhisa nokulandelela ukutjhisa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amanzi asevalvini kanye nepayipi elihlanganisako kufanele akhishwe ngemva kokuthi ukukhiqiza kumiswe (nangabe kunepulagi ngaphasi kwevalvu, ipulagi ingavulwa ukukhipha amanzi).

Isondo lesandla elilimeleko:

Kubangelwa kutjhayisana nofana ukusebenza okunamandla kwe-lever ede. Kungabalekelwa inqobo nje nangabe umsebenzisi nabanye abasebenzi abathintekako banakekela.

Indlala yokupaka iphukile:

Amandla angalinganiko lokha nawucindezela ukupakisha, nofana indlala engakalungi (ngokuvamileko insimbi). Cindezela ukupakisha, jika isikulufu ngokulingana, begodu ungatjhinga. Lokha nawukhiqizako, akukafaneli bona utjheje iingcenye ezinkulu neziqakathekileko kwaphela, kodwana kufanele utjheje neengcenye zesibili ezifana namadlala, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzokuthinta ukusetjenziswa.

Ukuhlangana hlangana kwesiqu sevalvu nepuleti yevalvu kuyabhalelwa:

Ivalvu yesango yamukela amafomu amanengi wokuhlangana hlangana kwehloko eyisicaba sesiqu sevalvu kanye nomgodi omise okwe-T wesango, begodu umgodi omise okwe-T kesinye isikhathi awusetjenzwa, ngalokho ihloko eyisicaba yesiqu sevalvu iyaguga msinyana. Ikakhulukazi ukusuka ehlangothini lokukhiqiza ukurarulula. Kodwana, umsebenzisi angenza i-groove emise okwe-T ukwenza bona ibe nobushelelezi obuthileko.

Isango levalvu yesango eliphindwe kabili alikwazi ukucindezela ikhava ngokuqinile:

Ukugandeleleka kwesango eliphindwe kabili kwenziwa yi-wedge ephezulu. Kwamanye amavalvu wesango, i-wedge ephezulu yenziwe ngezinto ezimbi (insimbi ephasi), begodu izokuguga nofana iphuke msinyana ngemva kokusetjenziswa. I-wedge ephezulu yingcenye encani, begodu into esetjenzisiweko ayikho khulu. Umsebenzisi angayenza ngensimbi yekhabhoni bese uthatha indawo yensimbi yasekuthomeni.