Iivalvu yesangoyivalvu ejwayelekileko eneendlela ezinengi ezisetjenziswako. Isetjenziswa khulu ekulondolozeni amanzi, ekwenzeni iinsimbi nezinye iimboni. Ukusebenza kwayo kokusetjenziswa okukhulu sele kuqalwezehlelwe yimakethe. Eminyakeni eminengi yokutjheja nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi nobuchwepheshe, umtloli akhenge enze irhubhululo elithileko ngokutholwa kwevalvu yesango kwaphela, kodwana nokusetjenziswa kwevalvu yesango, ngenze irhubhululo eliqakathekileko nelicophelelako
Okulandelako yingcoco ejwayelekileko ngesakhiwo, ukusetjenziswa, ukurarulula imiraro, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi nezinye izinto zevalvu yesango.
Isakhiwo
Isakhiwo seivalvu yesango: Iivalvu yesangoyiivalvuesebenzisa ipuleti yesango nesihlalo sevalvu ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa. Iivalvu yesangoikakhulukazi iqukethe umzimba wevalvu, isihlalo sevalvu, ipuleti yesango, isiqu sevalvu, ikhava yevalvu, incwadi yokupakisha, ikhava yokupakisha ingcindezi, inathi yesiqu sevalvu, isandla-isondo, njll. Ngokuya ngokutjhuguluka kobujamo obuhlobeneko hlangana nesango nesihlalo sevalvu, ubukhulu besiteshi bungatjhugululwa begodu isiteshi singaqunywa. Ukuvala ivalvu yesango ngokuqinileko, ipuleti yesango nesihlalo sevalvu kuyasilwa.
Ngokuya ngobujamo obuhlukileko besakhiwo sevalvu yesango, ivalvu yesango ingahlukaniswa yaba ziinkoro ezimbili: i-wedge ne-parallel.
Ipuleti lesango levalvu yesango le-wedge lisebujameni, begodu indawo yokuvala ithambekele emgqeni ophakathi wesiteshi. I-wedge hlangana nepuleti yesango nesihlalo sevalvu isetjenziselwa ukuvala (ukuvala). Ipuleti le-wedge lingaba ligeyidi elilodwa nofana eliphindwe kabili.
Indawo yokuvala ye-valve yesango elikhambelanako ifana nomunye nomunye begodu iqondile emgqeni ophakathi wesiteshi. Ihlukaniswe yaba mihlobo emibili: indlela evulekileko nendlela engavuli. Kunesango eliphindwe kabili elinendlela evulekileko. Lokha isango nalithoma phasi, ama-wedges wamasango amabili ahambisanako asekela amasango amabili esihlalweni sevalvu emthambekeni begodu anqamule umzila wokugeleza. Lokha isango naliphakama begodu livuleka, ifosholo nesango elisebenzisana nesango liyahlukaniswa, isango likhuphuka libe phezulu, begodu i-wedge ibanjwe yi-con Ipuleti lesango eliphindwe kabili ngaphandle kwendlela evulekileko. Lokha ipuleti yesango nayitjhelela esihlalweni sevalvu eceleni kweendawo ezimbili ezifanako zesihlalo sevalvu, umfutho we-fluid usetjenziselwa ukugandelela ipuleti lesango emzimbeni wevalvu ngehlangothini lokuphuma kwevalvu ukuvala i-fluid.
Ngokuya ngokunyakaza okuhlukileko kwesiqu sevalvu lokha isango nalivulwa begodu livalwa, ivalvu yesango ihlukaniswe yaba ziinkoro ezimbili: ivalvu yesango evulekileko kanye nevalvu yesango elimnyama. Lokha isiqu sevalvu nepuleti lesango levalvu yesango elivulekileko nalivulwa nofana livalwe, zikhuphuka begodu ziwe ngesikhathi sinye; lokha ivalvu yesango elimnyama nayivulwa nofana ivalwe, isiqu sevalvu sijikelezwa kwaphela, ukukhuphuka nokuwa kwesiqu sevalvu akubonakali, begodu ipuleti yevalvu iyaphakanyiswa nofana yehliswe. Ubuhle bevalvu yesango elivulekileko kukuthi ingakwazi ukwahlulela ukuphakama kokuvula komsele ngokusebenzisa ukuphakama kwesiqu sevalvu, kodwana inganciphisa ukuphakama kokuphatha. Nawuqala isandla-isondo nofana isibambo, jika isandla-isondo nofana isibambo ngendlela yewashi, begodu ivalvu ivaliwe.
Umnyanya nomthetho wokukhetha ukusetjenziswa kwevalvu yesango lesibili:
01 ifulethiivalvu yesango
Ukusetjenziswa kwevalvu yesango eliphakemeko:
(1) Amapayipi wokudlulisa amafutha negesi yemvelo, amavalvu wesango eliphaphathekileko anemigodi yokuphambukisa nawo alungele ukuhlanza amapayipi.
(2) Amapayipi wokudlulisa kanye nemitjhini yokugcina amafutha ahlanjululweko.
(3) Iinsetjenziswa zokukhipha amafutha nerhasi yemvelo.
(4) Amapayipi anemidiya yeenhlayiya ezilengisiweko.
(5) Iphayiphi yokudlulisa igesi emadorobheni.
(6) Iphrojekthi yokuphakelwa kwamanzi.
Umthetho wokukhetha ivalvu yesango eliphakemeko:
(1) Emapayipini wokudlulisa amafutha nerhasi yemvelo, khetha amavalvu wesango eliphakemeko elinamasango amabili nofana amasango amabili. Nawufuna ukuhlanza iphayiphi, khetha ivalvu yesango eliphakemeko elinesango elilodwa elinembobo yokuphambukisa.
(2) Ngephayiphi yokudlulisa kanye nemitjhini yokugcina amafutha ahlanjululweko, khetha isango elilodwa elingenambobo yokuphambukisa nofana ivalvu yesango eliphaphathekileko elinesango eliphindwe kabili.
(3) Emadivayisini wetheku lokukhipha i-oli nerhasi yemvelo, khetha isango elilodwa elinesihlalo sevalvu entantako ye-rod emnyama enomgodi wokuphambukisa nofana ivalvu yesango eliphakemeko elinesango eliphindwe kabili.
(4) Emaphayiphini anemidiya yeenhlayiya ezilengisiweko, khetha ivalvu yesango lepuleti elibunjwe njengommese.
(5) Emapayipini wokudlulisa igesi emadorobheni, khetha isango elilodwa nofana isango elinamabili elivulekileko elivulekileko.
(6) Ngobunjiniyela bokuphakelwa kwamanzi, khetha ipuleti yesango elilodwa nofana ipuleti yesango eliphindwe kabili ngaphandle komgodi wokuphambukisa ovulekileko we-valve yesango eliphakemeko.
02 wedgeivalvu yesango
Iinkhathi ezisebenzako ze-wedge gate valve: Hlangana nemihlobo ehlukileko yama-valve, i-gate valve isetjenziswa khulu. Ngokuvamileko ilungele ukuvulwa okuzeleko nofana ukuvalwa okuzeleko kwaphela, begodu angeze yasetjenziselwa ukulawula nokugandelela.
Ivalvu yesango le-wedge ivamise ukusetjenziswa eendaweni lapho kunganasidingo esiqinileko sobukhulu bangaphandle bevalvu, begodu ubujamo bokusebenzisa bunzima khulu. Ukwenza isibonelo, malungana nokusebenza okunezinga eliphezulu lokutjhisa nokugandeleleka okukhulu, kuyatlhogeka bona iingcenye ezivaliweko zivalwe isikhathi eside.
Ngokuvamileko, lokha nakusetjenziswa ubujamo nofana iimfuneko zokusebenza kokuvala okuthembekileko, umfutho ophakemeko, umfutho ophakemeko (umehluko omkhulu womfutho), umfutho ophasi (umehluko omncani womfutho), umsindo omncani, umgodi womoya kanye nobujamo bokutjhisa, izinga lokutjhisa eliphezulu eliphakathi, izinga lokutjhisa eliphasi (amakhaza atjhingako), kunconywa ukusebenzisa isango lokubhoboza. Ukwenza isibonelo, kuneensetjenziswa ezinengi embonini yamandla, ukuncibilikisa i-petroleum, i-petrochemical, i-oyile yaselwandle, ubunjiniyela bamanzi kanye nobunjiniyela bokuhlanza indle ekwakhiweni kwamadorobha, kanye nebubulo lamakhemikhali.
Umthetho wokukhetha:
(1) Iimfuneko zobujamo be-fluid ye-valve. Ivalvu yesango isetjenziselwa ubujamo bokusebenza ngokujamelana nokugeleza okuncani, ikghono elinamandla lokujikeleza, ubujamo obuhle bokugeleza kanye neemfuneko eziqinileko zokuvala.
(2) Izinga lokutjhisa eliphezulu kanye nomfutho ophakemeko. Njengemikhiqizo yamafutha enefuthe eliphezulu, izinga lokutjhisa eliphezulu neliphezulu.
(3) Izinga lokutjhisa eliphasi (amakhaza atjhingako) eliphakathi. Njenge-ammonia emanzini, i-hydrogen emanzini, i-oksijini emanzini nezinye iindaba.
(4) Umfutho ophasi begodu omkhuluisayizi. Njengamaphrojekthi wamanzi wempompi kanye namaphrojekthi wokuhlanza indle.
(5) Indawo yokufaka: khetha ivalvu yesango le-rod emnyama lokha ukuphakama kokufaka kulinganiselwe; khetha ivalvu yesango lenduku evulekileko lokha ukuphakama kungalinganiselwe.
(6) Kuphela lokha nayivulwa ngokupheleleko nofana ivalwe ngokupheleleko, begodu ingakghoni ukusetjenziselwa ukulungisa nokugandelela, lapho ivalvu yesango lokubhoboza ingakhethwa khona.
Amaphutha amathathu avamileko nokutlhogonyelwa
01 Amaphutha avamileko nezimbangela zamavalvu wesango
Ngemva kokusetjenziswa kwevalvu yesango, imiraro elandelako ivamise ukwenzeka ngebanga lokutjhisa, ukugandeleleka, ukugqwala kanye nokunyakaza okuhlobeneko kokuthintana ngamunye.
(1) Ukuvuza: Kunemihlobo emibili, okungukuthi, ukuvuza kwangaphandle nokuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ukuvuza ngaphandle kwevalvu kubizwa ngokuthi kuvuza, begodu ukuvuza kuvamile ebhokisini lokupakisha nokuxhumana kwe-flange.
Iinzathu zokuvuza kwebhokisi lokupakisha: ukuhlukahluka nofana ikhwalithi yokupakisha ayihlangabezani neemfuneko; ukuguga kokupaka nofana ukuguga kwesiqu sevalvu; ukukhululeka kwendlala yokupakisha; ukuklwebheka ebusweni besiqu sevalvu.
Iinzathu zokuvuza ekuxhumaneni kwe-flange: into nofana ubukhulu be-gasket abuhlangabezani neemfuneko; ikhwalithi yokucubungula indawo yokuvala i-flange ayikalungi; amabhawudo wokuhlanganisa awafakwanga kuhle; ukuhlelwa kwepayipi akuzwakali, okurholela ekutheni kube nemithwalo eminengi khulu ekuhlanganisweni.
Iinzathu zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalvu: Ukuvuza okubangelwa kuvalwa okulula kwevalvu kukuvuza kwangaphakathi, okubangelwa kulimala kwendawo yokuvala yevalvu nofana umrabhu ongasebenziko wendandatho yokuvala.
(1) Ukugqwala kuvamise ukugqwala komzimba wevalvu, isembozo sevalvu, isiqu sevalvu kanye nendawo yokuvala i-flange. Ukugqwala kubangelwa khulu msebenzi we-medium, begodu nokukhutjhwa kwama-ayoni kuma-fillers nama-gaskets.
(2) Ukuklwebheka: ukudosa namkha ukuhluza indawo kwenzeka lokha ipuleti lesango nesihlalo sevalvu nazihambako ngaphasi kwengcindezi ethileko yokuthintana.
02 Ukutlhogonyelwa kwevalvu yesango
(1) Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphandle kwevalvu
Lokha nawugandelela i-filler, ibholthi yendlala ephezulu kufanele ilinganiswe ukugwema ukutjhinga kwendlala, kutjhiye isikhala sokugandeleleka. Lokha nakugandelelwa i-filler, isiqu se-valve kufanele siphendulwe ukwenza i-filler ezungeze isiqu se-valve ifane begodu kuvinjelwe umfutho bona ungafi, ukwenzela bona ungathinti ukujikeleza kwesiqu se-valve, ukwandisa ukuguga kwe-filler, begodu unciphise ipilo yokusebenza. Ingaphezulu lesiqu sevalvu likhuhlwe, ukwenzela bona kube lula ukuvuza okuphakathi. Kufanele isetjenziswe ukuqeda imihuzuko ebusweni besiqu sevalvu ngaphambi kokusetjenziswa.
Ukuvuza kokuhlanganiswa kwe-flange, nangabe i-gasket ilimele, kufanele ithathelwe indawo; nangabe into ye-gasket ayikhethwanga kuhle, kufanele ikhethwe into engahlangabezana neemfuneko zokusetjenziswa; nangabe indawo yokuvala i-flange isezingeni eliphasi lokusebenza, indawo yokuvala ye-flange kufanele isuswe bese isetjenzwa godu ize ifaneleke.
Ukungezelela, ukuqinisa kuhle amabhawudo we-flange, ukuhlela kuhle iphayiphi, nokubalekela imithwalo eminengi khulu ekuhlanganisweni kwe-flange kusiza ukukhandela ukuvuza ekuhlanganisweni kwe-flange.
(2) Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalvu
Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kuqeda umonakalo wendawo yokuvala kanye nokukhululeka komsuka wendandatho yokuvala (lokha indandatho yokuvala ifakwe epuletini levalvu nofana esihlalweni sevalvu ngokugandelela nofana ngentambo). Nangabe indawo yokuvala isetjenziswe ngqo emzimbeni wevalvu nepuleti levalvu, akunankinga yemirabhu ekhululekileko nokuvuza.
Lokha indawo yokuvala ilimele khulu begodu indawo yokuvala yakhiwe yindandatho yokuvala, indandatho endala kufanele isuswe bese ifakwa indandatho etja yokuvala; nangabe indawo yokuvala isetjenziswa ngqo emzimbeni wevalvu, indawo yokuvala elimeleko kufanele isuswe kokuthoma, bese kuthi indandatho etja yokuvala nofana indawo esetjenzisiweko kufanele igayiwe ibe yindawo etja yokuvala. Lokha imihuzuko, amabhamuza, ukutjhwaba, ukugobhoza nezinye iinqabo zendawo yokuvala zingaphasi kwe-0.05mm, zingaqedwa ngokugaya.
Umrabhu wendandatho yokuvala uyavuza. Lokha indandatho yokuvala nayigandelelweko begodu ilungiswe, ibhande le-PTFE nofana ipende emhlophe eqinileko ingafakwa ngaphasi kwesihlalo sevalvu nofana i-groove yendandatho yokuvala, bese igandelelwa ngaphakathi kwendandatho yokuvala ukuzalisa umrabhu wendandatho yokuvala. Lokha indandatho yokuvala nayifakwe ngentambo, ibhande le-PTFE nofana ipende emhlophe eqinileko kufanele ibekwe hlangana nentambo Ukuvuza hlangana nemigqa.
(3) Ukulungiswa kokugqwala kwevalvu
Ngokuvamileko, umzimba wevalvu nesivalo sevalvu zigugile ngokulinganako, kuthi isiqu sevalvu sivame ukuba nemigodi. Lokha nawulungisako, umkhiqizo obolako kufanele ususwe kokuthoma. Ngesiqu sevalvu esinemigodi, kufanele sisetjenziswe nge-lathe ukuqeda ukugandeleleka, sitjhugululwe sibe yi-filler ene-ejenti yokukhupha isikhathi eside, nofana ihlanze i-filler ngamanzi ahlanjululweko ukususa ama-ayoni ase-filler anomphumela wokubola esiquni se-valve.
(4) Ukulungiswa kwemihuzuko ebusweni bokuvala
Ngesikhathi sokusetjenziswa kwevalvu, ukutjhwaba ebusweni bokuvala kufanele kuvinjelwe ngendlela ekungakghoneka ngayo, begodu i-torque akukafaneli ibe yikulu khulu lokha nakuvalwa ivalvu. Nangabe imihuzuko ebusweni bokuvala ingaqedwa ngokugaya.
Ukutholwa kwamavalvu amane wesango
Esikhathini samanje semakethe kanye neemfuno zabasebenzisi, amavalvu wesango lensimbi akhawunti ingcenye ekulu. Njengomhloli wekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ngaphezu kokwazi ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kufanele ube nokuzwisisa okuhle komkhiqizo ngokwawo.
01 Isisekelo sokuhlolwa kwevalvu yesango lensimbi
Ukutholwa kwe-iron gate valve kusekelwe emazingeni wezwe we-GB/T12232-2005 "General valve flange connection iron gate valve".
02 Izinto zokuhlola zevalvu yesango lensimbi
Ifaka hlangana: ilogo, * ukujiya kweboda elincani, ukuhlolwa kwegandeleleko, ukuhlolwa kwegobolondo, njll. Hlangana nazo, ukujiya kweboda, ukugandeleleka nokuhlolwa kwegobolondo zizinto ezitlhogekako zokuhlola nezinto eziqakathekileko. Nangabe kunezinto ezingakafaneli, zingathathwa njengemikhiqizo engakafaneli.
Ngamazwi amafitjhani, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo yingcenye eqakathekileko yokuhlolwa komkhiqizo woke. Ukuqakatheka kwayo kuyabonakala. Njengesisebenzi sokuhlola esiphambili, kufuze sihlale siqinisa ikhwalithi yethu. Akukafaneli senze umsebenzi omuhle ekuhloleni umkhiqizo kwaphela, kodwana kufanele sibe nokuzwisisa ngemikhiqizo ehloliweko, ukwenzela bona senze ngcono umsebenzi omuhle ekuhlolweni.
Isikhathi sokuposa: Mar-23-2023
