Ukwethulwa kwamavalvu ajayelekileko

Kunemihlobo eminengi nemihlobo ehlukilekoamavalvu, khulukhulu kufaka hlangana amavalvu wesango, amavalvu we-globe, amavalvu we-throttle, amavalvu we-butterfly, amavalvu weplagi, amavalvu webhola, amavalvu wegezi, amavalvu we-diaphragm, amavalvu wokuhlola, amavalvu wokuphepha, amavalvu wokwehlisa umfutho, amavalvu womtjhiso kanye namavalvu wokuvala wesikhathi esiphuthumako, njll. ivalvu, ivalvu yebholo, ivalvu yokuhlola, ivalvu yedayaphragmu.

1 Ivalvu ye-butterfly
Ivalvu ye-butterfly ngumsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala wepuleti ye-butterfly ongaqedwa ngokujikeleza i-90° ukujikeleza i-eksisi engatjhugulukiko emzimbeni wevalvu. Ivalvu ye-Butterfly yincani ngobukhulu, ilula ngobunzima begodu ilula ngesakhiwo, begodu ineengcenye ezimbalwa kwaphela. Begodu itlhoga ukujikeleza nge-90° kwaphela; ingavulwa begodu ivalwe msinyana, begodu ukusebenza kulula. Lokha i-valve ye-butterfly ivulekile ngokupheleleko, ukujiya kwepuleti ye-butterfly ngikho kwaphela ukujamelana lokha umkhathi nawugeleza emzimbeni we-valve, ngalokho ukwehla komfutho okwenziwa yi-valve kuncani khulu, ngalokho ineemfanelo ezingcono zokulawula ukugeleza. Ivalvu ye-Butterfly ihlukaniswe yaba yi-elastic soft seal kanye ne-metal hard seal. Ivalvu yokuvala ye-elastic, indandatho yokuvala ingafakwa emzimbeni wevalvu nofana inamathele emaphethelweni wediski, ngokusebenza okuhle kokuvala, okungasetjenziselwa ukugandelela, amapayipi we-vacuum aphakathi nendawo kanye nemidiya ebolako. Amavalvu anezivalo zensimbi avamise ukuba nepilo ede kunalawo anamavala we-elastic, kodwana kubudisi ukufikelela ukuvala okupheleleko. Zivamise ukusetjenziswa eenkhathini ezineentjhuguluko ezikulu ekugelezeni kanye nokwehla komfutho begodu zitlhoga ukusebenza okuhle kokugandeleleka. Iimvalo zensimbi zingatjhugulukela emazingeni womtjhiso aphezulu wokusebenza, kuthi iimvalo ezine-elastic zinephutha lokukhawulelwa lizinga lokutjhisa.

2Ivalvu yesango
Ivalvu yesango itjho ivalvu umzimba wayo wokuvula nokuvala (ipuleti yevalvu) oqhutshwa siqu sevalvu begodu ihamba phezulu begodu yehle eduze nendawo yokuvala yesihlalo sevalvu, engahlanganisa nofana inqume ukudlula kwe-fluid. Nayiqathaniswa ne-globe valve, i-gate valve inokusebenza okungcono kokuvala, ukumelana okuncani kwamanzi, umzamo omncani wokuvula nokuvala, begodu inokusebenza okuthileko kokulungisa. Ngenye yamavalvu webhlogo asetjenziswa khulu. Ububi kukuthi ubukhulu bukhulu, isakhiwo siyinkimbinkimbi ukudlula leyo ye-globe valve, indawo yokuvala kulula ukugqoka, begodu akulula ukuyigcina. Ngokuvamileko, akukafaneli ukugandeleleka. Ngokuya ngobujamo bentambo esiqwini sevalvu yesango, ihlukaniswe yaba mihlobo emibili: umhlobo wenduku evulekileko kanye nomhlobo wenduku emnyama. Ngokuya ngeendlela zokwakheka kwesango, ingahlukaniswa yaba ziinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-wedge kanye nohlobo olufanako.

3 Hlola ivalvu
Ivalvu yokuhlola yivalvu engavimbela ngokuzenzakalelako ukugeleza emuva kwe-fluid. I-flap ye-valve ye-check valve ivulwa ngaphasi kwesenzo sokugandeleleka kwe-fluid, begodu i-fluid igeleza ukusuka ehlangothini lokungena ukuya ehlangothini lokuphuma. Lokha umfutho ohlangothini lokungena ungaphasi kwalowo ohlangothini lokuphuma, i-valve flap izokuvala ngokuzenzakalelako ngaphasi kwesenzo somehluko womfutho we-fluid, i-gravity yayo nezinye izinto ukukhandela bona i-fluid ingagelezi emuva. Ngokuya ngesakhiwo, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-lift check valve kanye ne-swing check valve. Umhlobo wokuphakamisela unokusebenza okungcono kokuvala nokujamelana noketshezi okukhulu kunomhlobo wokujinga. Ngendawo yokudonsa yepayipi yokudonsa yepompo, kufanele kukhethwe ivalvu engezansi. Umsebenzi wayo kukuzalisa iphayiphi yokungena yepompo ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuthi ipompo iqalise; gcina ipayipi lokungena nomzimba wepompo ugcwele amanzi ngemva kokuthi ipompo imisiwe, ukwenzela bona ulungiselele ukuthoma kabutjha godu. Ivalvu engezansi ivamise ukufakwa kwaphela ephayiphini ethe ngqo yendawo yokungena yepompo, begodu umtjhini ophakathi ugeleza ukusuka phasi ukuya phezulu.

4 Ivalvu ye-globe
I-valve ye-globe yi-valve evaliweko eya phasi, begodu ilunga elivulako nelivalako (i-valve) liqhutshwa sisiqu se-valve ukukhamba phezulu naphasi nge-eksisi yesihlalo se-valve (indawo yokuvala). Nayiqathaniswa nevalvu yesango, inokusebenza okuhle kokulungisa, ukusebenza okumbi kokuvala, isakhiwo esilula, ukwakhiwa okulula nokugcinwa, ukujamelana noketshezi okukhulu kanye nentengo ephasi.

5 Ivalvu yebholo
Ingcenye yokuvula nokuvala yevalvu yebholo yibhola elinomgodi oyindilinga, begodu ibhola lijikeleza nesiqu sevalvu ukufikelela ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu. I-valve yebholo inesakhiwo esilula, ukutjhuguluka msinyana, ukusebenza lula, ubukhulu obuncani, ubudisi obulula, iingcenye ezimbalwa, ukujamelana noketshezi okuncani, ukusebenza kuhle kokuvala nokutlhogonyelwa okulula.

6 Ivalvu ye-throttle
Ukwakheka kwevalvu ye-throttle ngokuyisisekelo iyafana neyevalvu ye-globe ngaphandle kwediski yevalvu. I-valve disc yingcenye yokugandelela, begodu amajamo ahlukileko aneemfanelo ezihlukileko. Ububanzi besihlalo sevalvu akukafaneli bube bukhulu khulu, ngombana ukuphakama kokuvula kuncani. Izinga lokugeleza eliphakathi liyakhuphuka, ngalokho likhuphula ukuguguleka kwediski yevalvu. Ivalvu ye-throttle inemilinganiso emincani, isisindo esilula begodu isebenza kuhle, kodwana ukunemba kokulungisa akuphezulu.

7 Ipulagi yevalvu
Ivalvu yepulagi isebenzisa umzimba wepulagi onomgodi wokuvula njengengcenye yokuvula nokuvala, begodu umzimba wepulagi ujikeleza nesiqu sevalvu ukufikelela ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu. Ivalvu yeplagi inezinzuzo zokwakheka okulula, ukutjhugulula msinyana, ukusebenza okulula, ukujamelana noketshezi okuncani, amalunga ambalwa nobudisi obulula. Kunamavalvu wepulagi aqondileko, aneendlela ezintathu nezine. Ivalvu yeplagi edlula ngokunqophileko isetjenziselwa ukusika umkhathi, begodu amavalvu wepulagi aneendlela ezintathu nezine asetjenziselwa ukutjhugulula indlela yomtjhini namkha ukuhlukanisa umtjhini.

8 Ivalvu ye-diaphragm
Ingcenye yokuvula nevala yevalvu ye-diaphragm yi-diaphragm yerabha, ehlanganiswe hlangana nomzimba we-valve nesivalo se-valve. Ingcenye ephakathi ephumileko ye-diaphragm ifakwe esiqwini sevalvu, begodu umzimba wevalvu uhlanganiswe ngerabha. Njengombana umphakathi ungangeni emgodini wangaphakathi wesivalo sevalvu, isiqu sevalvu asitlhogi ibhokisi lokugcwalisa. Ivalvu ye-diaphragm inesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza kuhle kokuvala, ukutlhogonyelwa okulula nokujamelana noketshezi okuncani. Amavalvu we-diaphragm ahlukaniswe abe mhlobo we-weir, umhlobo oqondileko, umhlobo we-angle eqondileko kanye nomhlobo wokugeleza okuqondileko.