I-hydrogen ewuketshezi inezinzuzo ezithile ekugcinweni nasekuthuthweni. Nayiqathaniswa ne-hydrogen, i-liquid hydrogen (LH2) inesisindo esiphezulu begodu itlhoga umfutho ophasi ukobana igcinwe. Kodwana, i-hydrogen kufanele ibe yi--253°C ukobana ibe yi-liquid, okutjho bona kubudisi khulu. Amazinga womtjhiso aphasi khulu kanye nobungozi bokuvutha kwenza bona i-hydrogen emanzini ibe yinto eyingozi. Ngebanga lalesi sizathu, iindlela zokuphepha eziqinileko nokuthembeka okuphezulu ziimfuneko ezingapheliko lokha nakuklanywa amavalvu weensetjenziswa ezifaneleko.
Ngu-Fadila Khelfaoui, u-Frédéric Blanquet
Velan valve (Velan)
Ukusetjenziswa kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi (LH2).
Njenganje, i-hydrogen ewuketshezi iyasetjenziswa begodu ilingwa ukusetjenziswa eminyanyeni ekhethekileko ehlukahlukeneko. E-aerospace, ingasetjenziswa njengesibaseli sokuthoma irokhethi begodu ingakhiqiza amagagasi wokuthusa emihubheni yomoya. Ngokusekelwa "yisayensi ekulu," i-hydrogen ewuketshezi sele iyinto eqakathekileko eenhlelweni ezidlulisa amandla, iinhlayiya ezisheshisako, kanye namadivayisi we-nuclear fusion. Njengoba isifiso sabantu sentuthuko esimemeko sikhula, i-hydrogen emanzini isetjenziswe njengesibaseli ngamaloli amanengi nemikhumbi eminyakeni esanda kwedlula. Ezimweni zokusebenzisa ezingenhla, ukuqakatheka kwamavalvu kusobala khulu. Ukusebenza okuphephileko nokuthembekileko kwamavalvu yingcenye eqakathekileko ye-ecosystem yokuphakelwa kwe-hydrogen (ukukhiqizwa, ukuthuthwa, ukubulunga nokusabalalisa). Imisebenzi ehlobene ne-hydrogen ewuketshezi iyinselele. Ngeminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 yokusebenza nobungcweti emkhakheni wamavalvu asebenza kuhle ukuya ku--272°C, i-Velan sele ibandakanyeke emaphrojekthini ahlukahlukeneko wezinto ezitjha isikhathi eside, begodu kuyakhanya bona inqobe iintjhijilo zezobuchwepheshe zesevisi ye-hydrogen yamanzi ngamandla wayo.
Iintjhijilo esigabeni sokuklama
Umfutho, amazinga womtjhiso kanye nokugxila kwe-hydrogen zoke zizinto eziqakathekileko ezihlolwa ekuhlolweni kwengozi yokuklanywa kwevalvu. Ukuze kwenziwe ngcono ukusebenza kwevalvu, ukuklanywa nokukhethwa kwepahla kudlala indima eqakathekileko. Amavalvu asetjenziswa ekusetjenzisweni kwe-hydrogen yamanzi aqalene neentjhijilo ezingezelelweko, okufakahlangana imiphumela emimbi ye-hydrogen eensimbini. Emazingeni womtjhiso aphasi khulu, izinto zamavalvu akukafaneli zijamelane nokuhlaselwa kwamamolekhyuli we-hydrogen kwaphela (ezinye zeendlela zokuwohloka ezihlotjaniswa nazo zisaphikiswana ngazo eemfundweni), kodwana kufanele zigcine ukusebenza okujayelekileko isikhathi eside emjikelezweni wazo wokuphila. Ngokuya ngezinga lamanje lokuthuthukiswa kwethekhnoloji, ibubulo linelwazi elilinganiselweko lokusetjenziswa kwezinto ezingezizo zensimbi ekusetjenzisweni kwe-hydrogen. Lokha nawukhetha into yokuvala, kuyatlhogeka bona uthathe isici lesi. Ukuvala okuphumelelako kubuye kube yindlela eqakathekileko yokwenza umklamo. Kunomehluko wamazinga womtjhiso ongaba ma-300°C hlangana ne-hydrogen ewuketshezi kanye namazinga womtjhiso wendawo (amazinga womtjhiso wegumbi), okurholela ekutheni kube nokutjhuguluka kwamazinga womtjhiso. Ingcenye ngayinye ye-valve izokuba namazinga ahlukileko wokunwebeka nokunciphisa ngokutjhisa. Ukungafani lokhu kungadosela ekutheni kube nokuvuza okuyingozi kweendawo eziqakathekileko zokuvala. Ukuqina kokuvala kwesiqu sevalvu nakho kugxilwe emklamweni. Ukutjhuguluka ukusuka emakhazeni ukuya ekutjhiseni kwenza ukugeleza komtjhiso. Iingcenye ezitjhisako zendawo yomgodi webhonethi zingaqanda, okungaphazamisa ukusebenza kokuvala isiqu begodu kuthinte ukusebenza kwevalvu. Ukungezelela, amazinga womtjhiso aphasi khulu we--253°C kutjho bona ithekhnoloji engcono khulu yokuvikela iyatlhogeka ukuqinisekisa bona ivalvu ingakghona ukugcina i-hydrogen emanzini emazingeni womtjhiso la ngesikhathi inciphisa ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa kubilisa. Inqobo nje nangabe kunokutjhisa okudluliselwa ku-hydrogen ewuketshezi, kuzokuhwamuka begodu kuvuze. Akusikho lokho kwaphela, ukufiphala kwe-oksijini kwenzeka endaweni yokuphuka kwe-insulation. Lokha i-oksijini nayithintana ne-hydrogen nofana ezinye izinto ezivuthako, ubungozi bomlilo buyanda. Ngalokho-ke, nakuqalwa ubungozi bomlilo amavalvu angaqalana nawo, amavalvu kufanele aklanyelwe ngezinto ezivikela ukuqhuma engqondweni, kanye nama-actuator amelana nomlilo, iinsetjenziswa kanye namakheyibuli, koke okunezitifiketi eziqinileko. Lokhu kuqinisekisa bona ivalvu isebenza kuhle lokha nakunomlilo. Ukugandeleleka okukhulu godu kungaba yingozi engenza bona amavalvu angasebenzi. Nangabe i-hydrogen emanzini ivaleleke emgodini womzimba wevalvu begodu ukudluliselwa komtjhiso nokuhwamuka kwe-hydrogen emanzini kwenzeka ngesikhathi sinye, kuzokubangela ukwanda komfutho. Nangabe kunomehluko omkhulu womfutho, ukuvuvuka (ukuvuvuka)/umsindo kwenzeka. Izenzakalo lezi zingadosela ekutheni ipilo yevalvu iphele ngaphambi kwesikhathi, begodu ilahlekelwe khulu ngebanga lokukhubazeka kwenqubo. Kungaqalwa ubujamo obuthileko bokusebenza, nangabe izinto ezingenhla zingaqalwa ngokuzeleko begodu amagadango wokulwisana angathathwa ehlelweni lokuklama, kungaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephileko nokuthembekileko kwevalvu. Ukungezelela, kuneentjhijilo zokuklama ezihlobene neendaba zebhoduluko, ezifana nokuvuza kwabalekako. I-hydrogen ihlukile: amamolekhyuli amancani, angenambala, angenaphunga, begodu ayaqhuma. Iimfanelo lezi ziqunta isidingo esipheleleko sokungabi nokuvuza.
E-North Las Vegas West Coast Hydrogen Liquefaction station,
Iinjiniyera ze-Wieland Valve zinikela ngeenkonzo zethekhnikhi
Iinsombululo zevalvu
Kungaqalwa umsebenzi othileko nomhlobo, amavalvu wazo zoke iinsetjenziswa ze-hydrogen emanzini kufanele ahlangabezane neemfuneko ezijayelekileko. Iimfuneko lezi zifaka hlangana: izinto zengcenye yesakhiwo kufanele ziqinisekise bona ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo kugcinwa emazingeni womtjhiso aphasi khulu; Zoke izinto kufanele zibe nezakhiwo zemvelo zokuphepha emlilweni. Ngebanga elifanako, izinto zokuvala nokupakisha amavalvu we-hydrogen amanzi kufanele nakho kuhlangabezane neemfuneko ezisisekelo ezivezwe ngehla. Insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic yinto ehle khulu yamavalvu we-hydrogen yamanzi. Inamandla amahle khulu, ukulahlekelwa mtjhiso okuncani, begodu ingakghona ukujamelana namazinga womtjhiso amakhulu. Kunezinye izinto ezilungele ubujamo be-hydrogen ewuketshezi, kodwana zilinganiselwe ebujameni obuthileko bokusebenza. Ngaphezu kokukhetha izinto, eminye imininingwana yokuklama akukafaneli ingatjhejwa, njengokunweba isiqu sevalvu nokusebenzisa ikholomu yomoya ukuvikela ukupakisha kokuvala emazingeni womtjhiso aphasi khulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunwetshwa kwesiqu sevalvu kungafakwa indandatho yokuvikela ukugwema ukufiphala. Ukuklama amavalvu ngokuya ngeemeko ezithileko zokusebenzisa kusiza ukunikela ngeensombululo ezizwakalako eentjhijilweni ezihlukahlukeneko zethekhnoloji. I-Vellan inikela ngamavalvu we-butterfly ngemiklamo emibili ehlukileko: ama-valve we-butterfly wesihlalo esiphindwe kabili kanye nama-triple eccentric ensimbi. Bobabili imiklamo inekhono lokugeleza eliqondileko. Ngokuklama ijamo lediski nendlela yokujikeleza, ukuvala okuqinileko kungazuzwa. Akukho mgodi emzimbeni wevalvu lapho kungekho khona umphakathi osele. Endabeni ye-Velan double eccentric butterfly valve, yamukela umklamo we-disc eccentric rotation, ehlanganiswe nehlelo lokuvala le-VELFLEX elihlukileko, ukufikelela ukusebenza okuhle khulu kokuvala i-valve. Umklamo lo onelungelo lobunikazi ungakghona ukujamelana nokutjhuguluka okukhulu kwamazinga womtjhiso ku-valve. Idiski ye-TORQSEAL emithathu engakajayeleki nayo inendlela yokujikeleza eyenziwe ngokukhethekileko esiza ukuqinisekisa bona indawo yokuvala idiski ithinta isihlalo kwaphela ngesikhathi sokufikelela endaweni yevalvu evaliweko begodu ayiklwebhe. Ngalokho-ke, i-torque yokuvala yevalvu ingaqhuba idiski bona ifinyelele ukuhlala okuvumelanako, begodu ikhiqize umphumela we-wedge owaneleko endaweni yevalvu evaliweko, ngesikhathi yenza idiski ithintane ngokulinganako nomjikelezo woke wendawo yokuvala isihlalo. Ukuthobela isihlalo sevalvu kuvumela umzimba wevalvu nediski bona zibe nomsebenzi "wokuzilungiselela", ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ukubanjwa kwediski ngesikhathi sokutjhuguluka kwamazinga womtjhiso. Ishafu yevalvu yensimbi engagqwali eqinisiweko ikghona ukusebenza ngemijikelezo ephezulu begodu isebenza kuhle emazingeni womtjhiso aphasi khulu. Idizayini ye-VELFLEX ephindwe kabili yenza bona ivalvu isetjenziswe nge-inthanethi msinyana begodu lula. Ngebanga lendlu eseceleni, isihlalo nediski zingahlolwa nofana zilungiswe ngqo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlukanisa i-actuator nofana amathulusi akhethekileko.
I-Tianjin Tanggu Water-Seal Valve Co.,ltdzisekela ithekhnoloji ethuthukileko khulu yamavalvu ahlala aqinileko, kufaka hlangana amavalvu ahlala aqinilekoi-wafer butterfly valve, Ivalvu ye-Lug butterfly, Ivalvu yevithamini ye-flange ephindwe kabili, I-valve ye-butterfly eccentric flange ephindwe kabili,I-Y-strainer, ivalvu yokulinganisa,I-wafer dual plate check valve, njll.
Isikhathi sokuposa: Aug-11-2023
