Ebunjiniyeleni bamapayipi, ukukhetha okufaneleko kwamavalvu wegezi kungenye yemibandela yokuqinisekisa ukuhlangabezana neemfuneko zokusetjenziswa. Nangabe ivalvu kagesi esetjenzisiweko ayikhethwanga kuhle, angeze yathinta ukusetjenziswa kwaphela, kodwana izokuletha nemiphumela emimbi nofana ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, ngalokho-ke, ukukhethwa okufaneleko kwamavalvu kagesi emklamweni wobunjiniyela bamapayipi.
Indawo yokusebenza yevalvu kagesi
Ngaphezu kokutjheja amapharamitha wepayipi, kufanele kutjhejwe khulu ubujamo bebhoduluko lokusebenza kwawo, ngombana idivayisi kagesi ku-valve kagesi mtjhini we-elekthronikhi, begodu ubujamo bayo bokusebenza buthinteka khulu yindawo yayo yokusebenza. Ngokuvamileko, indawo yokusebenza yevalvu kagesi ilandelako:
1. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi namkha ukusetjenziswa kwangaphandle ngeendlela zokuvikela;
2. Ukufakwa ngaphandle emoyeni ovulekileko, nomoya, isihlabathi, izulu namazolo, ukukhanya kwelanga nokunye ukuguguleka;
3. Inendawo evuthako nofana eqhumako yegesi nofana ithuli;
4. Indawo etjhisako enomswakama, eyomileko;
5. Izinga lokutjhisa lomtjhini wepayipi liphezulu ukuya ku-480°C nofana ngaphezulu;
6. Izinga lokutjhisa lingaphasi kwama-20°C;
7. Kulula ukugcwala amanzi nofana ukucwiliswa emanzini;
8. Iindawo ezinezinto ezikhiqiza imisebe (izitjalo zamandla wenyutliya kanye namadivayisi wokuhlola izinto ezikhiqiza imisebe);
9. Ibhoduluko lomkhumbi nofana idokodo (ngokufutha itswayi, isikhunta, kanye nomswakama);
10. Iinkhathi ezinokuthuthumela okukhulu;
11. Iinkhathi ezithambekele emlilweni;
Emavalvu kagesi eendaweni ezikhulunywe ngehla, isakhiwo, izinto kanye neendlela zokuvikela zamadivayisi kagesi zihlukile. Ngalokho-ke, idivayisi kagesi yevalvu ehambelana nayo kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngendawo yokusebenza ekhulunywe ngehla.
Iimfuneko zokusebenza zegeziamavalvu
Ngokuya ngeemfuneko zokulawula zobunjiniyela, nge-valve kagesi, umsebenzi wokulawula uqedwa yidivayisi kagesi. Umnqopho wokusebenzisa amavalvu kagesi kwenza bona kube nokulawulwa kwegezi okungasebenzi ngesandla nofana ukulawulwa kwekhomphyutha kokuvula, ukuvala nokulungisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamavalvu. Iinsetjenziswa zegezi zanamhlanjesi azisetjenziselwa ukonga amandla wabantu kwaphela. Ngebanga lomehluko omkhulu emsebenzini nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukeneko, ukukhethwa kwamadivayisi kagesi nokukhethwa kwamavalvu kuqakathekile ngokufanako ephrojekthini.
Ukulawulwa kwegeziamavalvu
Ngebanga lokuthuthukiswa okuragela phambili kweemfuneko zokuzenzakalela kwezebubulo, ngakelinye ihlangothi, ukusetjenziswa kwamavalvu kagesi kuyakhula, begodu ngakelinye ihlangothi, iimfuneko zokulawula amavalvu kagesi ziya ngokuya ziba phezulu begodu ziba budisi. Ngalokho-ke, ukuklanywa kwamavalvu kagesi malungana nokulawulwa kwegezi nakho kuhlala kuvuselelwa. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nethekhnoloji nokuthandwa nokusetjenziswa kwamakhomphyutha, iindlela ezitjha nezihlukahlukeneko zokulawula igezi zizokuragela phambili nokuvela. Ukulawula okupheleleko kwegeziivalvu, kufanele kutjhejwe ukukhethwa kwemodi yokulawula ye-valve kagesi. Ukwenza isibonelo, ngokuya ngeendingo zephrojekthi, nokuthi kusetjenziswe indlela yokulawula ehlangeneko, nofana imodi yokulawula eyodwa, nokuthi kuhlanganiswe neminye imitjhini, ukulawula ihlelo nofana ukusetjenziswa kokulawula ihlelo lekhomphyutha, njll., umthetho wokulawula uhlukile. Isampula yomenzi wedivayisi kagesi yevalvu inikela kwaphela umthethomgomo wokulawula igezi, njeke umnyango wokusebenzisa kufanele wenze ukuvezwa kwethekhnikhi nomkhiqizi wedivayisi kagesi begodu ucacise iimfuneko zethekhnikhi. Ukungezelela, lokha nawukhetha ivalvu kagesi, kufanele ucabange bona uzokuthenga enye isilawuli sevalvu kagesi. Ngombana ngokujayelekileko, isilawuli sitlhoga ukuthengwa ngokwehlukana. Esikhathini esinengi, lokha nawusebenzisa isilawuli sinye, kuyatlhogeka bona uthenge isilawuli, ngombana kulula begodu kutjhiphile ukuthenga isilawuli kunokuthi siklame begodu sikhiqize ngumsebenzisi. Lokha ukusebenza kokulawula igezi kungakghoni ukuhlangabezana neemfuneko zokuklama zobunjiniyela, umkhiqizi kufanele ahlongozwe bona atjhugulule nofana aklame kabutjha.
Isisetjenziswa segezi sevalvu sisisetjenziswa esenza ihlelo levalvu, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo nokulawula kude*, begodu ikambiso yaso yokunyakaza ingalawulwa linani lokushaya, i-torque nofana ukugandeleleka kwe-axial. Njengombana ubujamo bokusebenza kanye nezinga lokusetjenziswa kwe-valve actuator kuya ngomhlobo we-valve, ukucaciswa kokusebenza kwedivayisi, kanye nobujamo be-valve ephayiphini nofana emitjhini, ukukhetha okufaneleko kwe-valve actuator kuqakathekile ukukhandela ukulayisha ngokweqileko (i-torque yokusebenza iphezulu kune-torque yokulawula). Ngokuvamileko, isisekelo sokukhetha okufaneleko kwamadivayisi kagesi we-valve silandelako:
I-torque yokusebenzaI-torque yokusebenza yipharamitha ekulu yokukhetha idivayisi kagesi yevalvu, begodu i-torque yokukhipha idivayisi kagesi kufanele ibe yi-1.2~1.5 ye-torque yokusebenza ye-valve.
Kunemitjhini emibili emikhulu yokusebenzisa idivayisi kagesi ye-thrust valve: enye ayinayo i-thrust disc begodu ikhipha ngqo i-torque; Okunye kukuhlela ipuleti lokugandelela, begodu i-torque yokuphuma itjhugululwa ibe yi-output thrust nge-stem nut epuletini lokugandelela.
Inani lokujikeleza kweshafthi yokukhipha yedivayisi kagesi yevalvu lihlotjaniswa nobubanzi obubizwako bevalvu, ukuphakama kwesiqu kanye nenani leentambo, okufanele kubalwe ngokuya ngo-M=H/ZS (M linani elipheleleko lokujikeleza idivayisi kagesi okufanele ihlangabezane nalo, H liphakama lokuvula levalvu, S liphakama lentambo yevalvu yokudluliswa kwevalvu, begodu inombolo yentambo Z iivalvuisiqu).
Nangabe ububanzi obukhulu besiqu obuvunyelwe mtjhini kagesi bungakghoni ukudlula esiquni sevalvu efakiweko, angeze yahlanganiswa ibe yivalvu kagesi. Ngalokho-ke, ububanzi bangaphakathi be-shaft yokukhipha enomgodi we-actuator kufanele bube bukhulu kunobubanzi bangaphandle besiqu sevalvu ye-rod evulekileko. Nge-valve ye-rod emnyama ku-valve yokujikeleza okuyingcenye kanye ne-valve yokujika okunengi, nanyana umraro wokudlula wobubanzi besiqu se-valve ungaqalwa, ububanzi besiqu se-valve nobukhulu be-keyway kufanele kuqalwe ngokuzeleko lokha nakukhethwa, ukwenzela bona isebenze kuhle ngemva kokuhlanganiswa.
Nangabe ibelo lokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu yejubane lokukhipha lirhaba khulu, kulula ukukhiqiza isando samanzi. Ngalokho-ke, ibelo elifaneleko lokuvula nokuvala kufanele likhethwe ngokuya ngeemeko ezihlukileko zokusebenzisa.
Ama-actuator wevalvu aneemfuneko zawo ezikhethekileko, okutjho bona kufuze akghone ukuhlathulula i-torque nofana amandla we-axial. Vamilekoivalvuama-actuator asebenzisa ama-couplings akhawulela i-torque. Lokha ubukhulu besisetjenziswa segezi nabuqunywako, i-torque yaso yokulawula nayo iyatholakala. Ngokuvamileko igijima ngesikhathi esibekiweko, injini angeze yalayishwa khulu. Kodwana, nangabe kwenzeka ubujamo obulandelako, kungabangela umthwalo omkhulu: kokuthoma, ivoltheji yokuphakelwa kwamandla iphasi, begodu i-torque etlhogekako angeze yatholakala, ukwenzela bona i-motor iyekele ukujikeleza; okwesibili kukulungisa ngephutha indlela yokukhawulela i-torque ukwenza bona ibe yikulu kune-torque yokumisa, okurholela ekutheni kube ne-torque eragela phambili eyeqileko nokumisa i-motor; okwesithathu kusetjenziswa ngezikhathi ezithileko, begodu ukubuthelela ukutjhisa okukhiqizako kudlula inani lokukhuphuka kwezinga lokutjhisa elivunyelweko le-motor; Okwesine, isekhethi yendlela yokukhawulela i-torque iyabhalelwa ngebanga elithileko, okwenza bona i-torque ibe yikulu khulu; Okwesihlanu, amazinga womtjhiso aphezulu khulu, okwenza bona kube nokutjhisa kwe-motor.
Esikhathini esidlulileko, indlela yokuvikela injini bekukusebenzisa amafuzi, ama-relay we-overcurrent, ama-thermal relay, ama-thermostat, njll., kodwana iindlela lezi zinobuhle nobubi bazo. Ayikho indlela yokuvikela ethembekileko yemitjhini enomthwalo ohlukileko njengemitjhini kagesi. Ngalokho-ke, kufanele kwamukelwe iinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukeneko, ezingafingqwa zibe ziinhlobo ezimbili: eyodwa kukwahlulela ukwanda nofana ukwehla kwamandla wokufaka we-motor; Okwesibili ukwahlulela ubujamo bokufuthumala kwe-motor ngokwayo. Nganoma ngiyiphi indlela, nanyana ngiyiphi indlela ithatha isikhathi esinikelweko sokutjhisa kwe-motor.
Ngokuvamileko, indlela esisekelo yokuvikela umthwalo omkhulu: ukuvikela umthwalo omkhulu wokusebenza okuragela phambili nofana ukusebenza ngokugijima kwe-motor, kusetjenziswa i-thermostat; Ukuvikelwa kwe-motor stall rotor, thermal relay yamukelwa; Eengozini ezifitjhani, kusetjenziswa amafuzi nofana ama-relay wamandla angaphezu kwamandla.
Ukuhlala okuqinilekoamavalvu wevithamini,ivalvu yesango, ivalvu yokuhlolaimininingwana, ungathintana nathi nge-whatsapp nofana nge-imeyili.
Isikhathi sokuposa: Nov-26-2024
