A i-stopcocki-valve [1] yi-valve eqondileko evuleka begodu ivale msinyana, begodu isetjenziselwa nemidiya eneenhlayiya ezilengisiweko ngebanga lomphumela wokusula wokunyakaza hlangana nendawo yokuvala isikrufu kanye nokuvikeleka okupheleleko ekuthintaneni ne-medium egelezako lokha nayivuliwe ngokuzeleko. Okhunye okuqakathekileko kukobana kulula ukutjhuguluka ekwakhiweni kwamatjhaneli amanengi, ukwenzela bona ivalvu yinye ithole amatjhaneli wokugeleza amabili, amathathu, nofana amane ahlukileko. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuklanywa kwehlelo lamapayipi, kwehlisa inani lamavalvu asetjenziswako, begodu kwehlisa ezinye zezixhumanisi ezitlhogekako emitjhini.
Isebenza njani amavalvu ngei-stopcockimizimba eneembobo ezingenako njengeengcenye ezivulako nezivalako. Umzimba weplagi ujikeleza ngesiqu [2] ukufikelela isenzo sokuvula nokuvala. Ivalvu encani, engakapakiswa, yepulaki yaziwa nangokuthi "yi-cocker". Umzimba wepulagi wevalvu yepulagi ikakhulukazi uyikhoni (kunomzimba oyisilinda), ohambisana nendawo yekhoni yomzimba wevalvu ukwenza umbhangqwana wokuvala. Ivalvu yepulagi mhlobo wevalvu yokuthoma esetjenzisiweko, enesakhiwo esilula, ukuvulwa nokuvala msinyana, nokujamelana okuphasi kwamanzi. Amavalvu wepulagi ajayelekileko athembele ekuthintaneni okunqophileko hlangana nomzimba wepulagi wensimbi oqediweko nomzimba wevalvu ukuvala, ngalokho ukuvala akukalungi, amandla wokuvula nokuvala makhulu, kulula ukugqoka, begodu kanengi angasetjenziswa kwaphela emfuthweni ophasi (hhayi ngaphezu kwe-1 megapascal) kanye nobubanzi obuncani (ngaphasi kwe-100 mm) izehlakalo.
Cyenza bona kube lula
Ngokuya ngendlela eyakhiwe ngayo, ingahlukaniswa yaba mihlobo emine: ivalvu yepulagi eqinileko, ivalvu yepulagi ezizivalelako, ivalvu yepulagi kanye nevalvu yepulagi efakwe amafutha. Ngokuya ngefomu letjhaneli, ingahlukaniswa yaba ziinhlobo ezintathu: ivalvu yepulagi eqondileko, ivalvu yeplagi eneendlela ezintathu kanye nevalvu yeplagi eneendlela ezine. Kukhona namavalvu wepulagi yamashubhu.
Amavalvu wepulagi ahlukaniswe ngokusetjenziswa okufaka hlangana: amavalvu wepulagi athambileko, amavalvu wepulagi aqinileko afakwe amafutha, amavalvu wepulagi we-poppet, amavalvu wepulagi weendlela ezintathu nezine.
Iinzuzo
1. Ivalvu yeplagi isetjenziselwa ukusebenza njalo, begodu ukuvulwa nokuvala kuyarhaba begodu kulula.
2. Ukujamelana noketshezi kwevalvu yepulagi kuncani.
3. Ivalvu yeplagi inesakhiwo esilula, ubukhulu obuncani, ubunzima obulula begodu kulula ukuyitlhogomela.
4. Ukusebenza okuhle kokuvala.
5. Akukhawulelwa yindlela yokufaka, begodu indlela yokugeleza kwe-medium ingaba yinto engakhethiko.
6. Akukho ukudlidliza, umsindo ophansi.
Amavalvu wesango athambileko
Ivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko, ivalvu yezebubulo, ivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko iingcenye ezivulako nezivalako ziinkunzi, indlela yokukhamba kwe-ram iqondene nendlela yoketshezi, ivalvu yesango ingavulwa begodu ivalwe ngokupheleleko kwaphela, angeze yalungiswa begodu ibe yi-throttled. I-ram inendawo ezimbili zokuvala, i-valve yesango esetjenziswa khulu iindawo ezimbili zokuvala zakha i-wedge, i-engele ye-wedge ihluka ngokuya ngemingcele ye-valve, ububanzi obubizwako ngu-DN50~DN1200, izinga lokutjhisa lokusebenza: ≤200°C.
Umthethomgomo womkhiqizo
Ipuleti lesango le-wedgeivalvu yesangoe ingenziwa ibe yinto epheleleko, ebizwa ngesango eliqinileko; Ingenziwa ibe yi-ram engakghona ukukhiqiza ukutjhuguluka okuncani ukwenza ngcono ukukhiqizwa kwayo begodu yenze ukuphambuka kwe-engele yokuvala indawo emsebenzini, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-elastic ram.
Isivalo esithambilekoamavalvu wesangozihlukaniswe zaba mihlobo emibili: induku evulekilekoivalvu yesango elithambilekokanye nesivalo esithambileko senduku emnyamaivalvu yesango. Ngokuvamileko kuba nentambo ye-trapezoidal ensingeni yokuphakamisa, etjhugulula ukunyakaza okujikelezako kube kukunyakaza okulandelanako nge-nut ephakathi kwe-ram kanye ne-groove yokuqondisa emzimbeni wevalvu, okutjho bona, i-torque yokusebenza ibe yi-operating thrust. Lokha i-valve nayivulwa, lokha ukuphakama kwe-ram kulingana no-1:1 ububanzi be-valve, ukugeleza kwe-fluid akuvinjelwa ngokupheleleko, kodwana ubujamo lobu angeze bubekwe ilihlo ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ekusetjenzisweni kwamambala, iphawulwa yi-vertex yesiqu, okutjho bona, indawo engeze yavulwa, njengendawo yayo evulekileko. Ukuze kuqalwe ukuvaleleka ngebanga lokutjhuguluka kwamazinga womtjhiso, kuvame ukuvulwa endaweni ephezulu bese ibuyiselwa emuva 1/2-1 ukujika njengendawo yevalvu evulekileko ngokupheleleko. Ngalokho-ke, ubujamo obuvulekileko bevalvu bunqunywa bujamo be-ram (okutjho ukutjhwaba). Umhlobo lo wevalvu kufanele ufakwe ngokuvundlileko ephayiphini.
Iimfuneko ezijayelekileko
1. Iinqophiso neenkoro zeamavalvu wesango athambilekokufanele ihlangabezane neemfuneko zamadokhumenti wokuklama amapayipi.
2. Imodeli yevalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko kufanele itjengise iimfuneko zenombolo ejwayelekileko kazwelonke ngokuya ngayo. Nangabe kulizinga lebhizinisi, ihlathululo efaneleko yemodeli kufanele itjengiswe.
3. Umfutho wokusebenza weivalvu yesango elithambilekoifuna umfutho wokusebenza wepayipi ≥, ngaphandle kokuthinta intengo, umfutho wokusebenza ivalvu engawuthwala kufanele ube mkhulu kunomfutho wokusebenza wangempela wephayiphi, begodu nanyana ngiliphi ihlangothi levalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko kufanele likghone ukujamelana nomfutho wokusebenza wevalvu ngaphandle kokuvuza;
4. Izinga lokukhiqiza le-ivalvu yesango elithambilekokufanele itjengise inomboro yezinga lezwe elisekelwe kiyo, begodu nangabe kulizinga lebhizinisi, idokhumenti yebhizinisi kufanele inamathele esivumelwaneni sokuthenga.
Kwesibili, into ethambileko yevalvu yesango lokuvala
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5. Into yendawo yokuvala
(1) Imihlobo yesivalo esithambilekoivalvu yesangos zihlukile, begodu iindlela zokuvala kanye neemfuneko zezinto zihlukile;
(2) Emavalvu we-wedge gate ajayelekileko, izinto, indlela yokulungisa kanye nendlela yokugaya indandatho yethusi kufanele ichazwe;
(3) Idatha yokuhlolwa kwe-physicochemical kanye ne-hygienic ye-soft seal gate valve kanye ne-valve plate lining material;
6. Ukupaka ishafu yevalvu
(1) Ngombana isivalo esithambilekoivalvu yesangokunethiwekhi yamapayipi kuvame ukuvulwa nokuvala okungakavami, ukupakisha kutlhogeka bona kungasebenzi iminyaka eminengi, begodu ukupakisha akugugi, begodu umphumela wokuvala ugcinwa isikhathi eside;
(2) Ukupakisha kwevalvu kufanele kube njalo lokha nayivulwa begodu ivalwe kanengi;
(3) Ngokuqalisisa iimfuneko ezingenhla, ukupakisha kwe-valve shaft kulwela bona kungathathelwa indawo ipilo yoke nofana iminyaka engaphezu kwelitjhumi;
(4) Nangabe ukupakisha kutlhoga ukutjhugululwa, umklamo wevalvu ye-pneumatic kufanele ucabangele iindlela ezingatjhugululwa ngaphasi kobujamo bomfutho wamanzi.
Okwesithathu, indlela yokusebenza yesivalo esithambilekoivalvu yesango
3.1 Indlela yokuvula nokuvala yevalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko ngesikhathi sokusebenza kufanele ivalwe ngendlela yewashi.
3.2 Ngombana ivalvu yomoya enethiwekhi yamapayipi ivame ukuvulwa begodu ivalwe ngesandla, inani lokuvula nokuvala akukafaneli libe linengi khulu, okutjho bona, ivalvu enobubanzi obukhulu nayo kufanele ibe ngaphakathi kwama-200-600 wokujikeleza.
3.3 Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kokuvula nokuvala komuntu oyedwa, i-torque ephezulu yokuvula nokuvala kufanele ibe yi-240N-m ngaphasi kobujamo bomfutho wepayipi.
3.4 Ukuvula nokuvala kokusebenza kwevalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko kufanele kube yi-tenon yesikwere, begodu ubukhulu kufanele bulinganiswe, begodu buqale phasi, ukwenzela bona abantu bakghone ukusebenza ngqo phasi. Amavalvu anama-disc disc awafaneleki ukusetjenziswa kumanethiwekhi angaphasi komhlaba.
3.5 iphaneli yokutjengisa ukuvula nokuvala izinga lokuvala okuthambilekoivalvu yesango
(1) Itshwayo lesikali lokuvula nokuvala izinga levalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko kufanele lifakwe phezu kwekhava yebhokisi lamagiya nofana egobolondweni lediski yokutjengisa ngemva kokutjhugulula indlela, yoke iqale phasi, begodu itshwayo lesikali kufanele libhutjhiswe nge-phosphors ukutjengisa ukubamba amehlo;
(2) Into yenalithi yediski yesibonisi ingenziwa ngepuleti yensimbi engagqwali ngaphasi kobujamo bokuphathwa kuhle, ngaphandle kwalokho ipuleti yensimbi ependiweko, begodu akukafaneli yenziwe ngesikhumba se-aluminium;
(3) Inaliti yediski yokukhombisa idosa amehlo, ilungiswe ngokuqinileko, lokha ukuvula nokuvala ukulungiswa kunembile, kufanele ivalwe ngama-rivet.
3.6 Nangabe ivalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko lingcwatjhwe phasi, begodu ibanga eliphakathi kwendlela yokusebenza nephaneli yokutjengisa nephasi ≥1.5m, kufanele ifakwe isikhungo sokunweba induku, begodu kufanele ilungiswe ngokuqinileko ukwenzela bona abantu bakghone ukuqala nokusebenza phasi. Okutjho bona, ukuvula nokuvala ukusebenza kwevalvu enethiwekhi yamapayipi akukafaneli ukusebenza ngaphasi komhlaba.
Okwesine, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesivalo esithambilekoivalvu yesango
4.1 Lokha ivalvu nayikhiqizwa ngamaqhema wokuhlathulula okuthileko, kufanele kuphathiswe ihlangano enegunya ukuhlola ukusebenza okulandelako:
(1) I-torque yokuvula nokuvala yevalvu ngaphasi kobujamo bomfutho wokusebenza;
(2) Ngaphasi kobujamo bokugandeleleka kokusebenza, kungaqinisekisa ukuvula nokuvala okuragela phambili kwesikhathi seivalvuukuvala ngokuqinileko;
(3) Ukutholwa kokujamelana nokugeleza kwevalvu ngaphasi kobujamo bokuthuthwa kwamanzi ngepayipi.
4.2 Iivalvukufanele ihlolwe ngalendlela elandelako ngaphambi kokuphuma efemini:
(1) Lokha ivalvu nayivulwako, umzimba wevalvu kufanele ajamelane nokuhlolwa komfutho wangaphakathi ophindwe kabili inani lomfutho wokusebenza wevalvu;
(2) Lokha ivalvu nayivaliweko, zombili iinhlangothi zithwala inani lokugandeleleka lokusebenza kwevalvu eliphindwe ka-1.1, begodu akukho ukuvuza, kodwana inani lokuvuza kwevalvu yevivane evaliwe ngensimbi alikho khulu ukudlula iimfuneko ezifaneleko.
Okwesihlanu, ukulwa nokugqwala kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwevalvu yesango lokuvala elithambileko
. Lokha nakubudisi ukufafaza i-epoxy resin enganabuthi nge-electrostatic kumavalvu amakhulu khulu, ipende ye-epoxy enganabuthi efanako nayo kufanele ibhutjhiswe begodu ifafazwe.
5.2 Ingaphakathi lomzimba wevalvu nazo zoke iingcenye zepuleti yevalvu kutlhogeka bona zingagqwali ngokupheleleko, ngakelinye ihlangothi, angeze zagqwala lokha nazifakwa emanzini, begodu angeze kwaba nokugqwala kwe-elekthrokhemikhali hlangana neensimbi ezimbili; Okwesibili, ingaphezulu libushelelezi, ukuze ukumelana namanzi kwehliswe.
5.3 Iimfuneko zokuhlanzeka ze-epoxy resin nofana ipende yokulwisana nokugqwala emzimbeni wevalvu kufanele zibe nombiko wokuhlolwa ovela esikhundleni esifaneleko. Iimpawu zamakhemikhali nezomzimba kufanele zihlangabezane neemfuneko ezifaneleko.
Isikhathi sokuposa: Nov-09-2024
